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To support the work towards both aims, the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission publishes a series of reports to provide comprehensive information on the environmental impacts of our consumption. This report is the fourth in the series. It presents a detailed analysis of the environmental impact of five food groups: meat, fish, dairy, fruit, and vegetables.

It does not focus on a specific environmental impact (like the previous three reports on resource use, greenhouse gas emissions, and water use), but rather takes a holistic view on the multiple environmental impacts of food consumption. The report aims to provide a solid basis for informed decision-making for policy makers at EU, national, and local levels, and for individuals making choices about their diet. It is based on evidence from the most recent and reliable scientific data and analysis.

The report concludes that food consumption has a significant impact on the environment, and that changes in our diet can have a significant impact on the environment. It recommends a shift towards a more sustainable diet, with a reduced consumption of meat and dairy products, and an increased consumption of plant-based foods.